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SMART breakthrough offers a promising pathway toward improved manufacturing of high‑quality cells for regenerative therapies to treat joint diseases.

Cultured from induced pluripotent stem cells, “miBrains” integrate all major brain cell types and model brain structures, cellular interactions, activity, and pathological features.

A new, highly efficient process for performing this conversion could make it easier to develop therapies for spinal cord injuries or diseases like ALS.

Lincoln Laboratory and MIT researchers are creating new types of bioabsorbable fabrics that mimic the unique way soft tissues stretch while nurturing growing cells.

Professor Li-Huei Tsai studies how brain waves can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today issued a draft guidance for sponsors seeking approval of human gene therapy products involving genome editing technologies.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has reminded more than 2,200 medical product companies and researchers of the requirements to submit certain clinical trial results information to ClinicalTrials.gov.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Foundayo (orforglipron) marking the fifth approval under the Commissioner's National Priority Voucher (CNPV) pilot program.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Kresladi (marnetegragene autotemcel), the first gene therapy for the treatment of severe Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type I (LAD-I).

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Avlayah (tividenofusp alfa-eknm) to treat certain individuals with Hunter syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis type II or MPS II).

Philips Trilogy Evo Ventilators may not function as intended if used with certain nebulizers.

Stryker is updating use instructions for TMJ Unilateral and Bilateral Implants due to a discrepancy in the positioning of the screw hole.

Percussionaire Corporation issues updated instructions for ventilator tubes due to design defect that could cause hypoventilation, respiratory failure

Draeger corrects the Atlan A350, A350 XL for piston ventilator failures and mechanical ventilation issues due to manufacturing impurities

The Merit 16F Dual-Valved Splittable Sheath Introducer may not split as intended. This may cause bleeding, embolization, or loss of vessel for future access.

Scientists at Cornell University may be closing in on the long-sought “holy grail” of male contraception: a safe, reversible, nonhormonal method that completely halts sperm production. In a breakthrough mouse study, researchers used a compound called JQ1 to temporarily shut down meiosis—the critical process that produces sperm—without causing lasting harm. After treatment stopped, sperm production bounced back, fertility returned, and the animals produced healthy offspring.

Scientists at Michigan State University have uncovered the molecular “switch” that powers sperm for their final, high-speed dash toward an egg. By tracking how sperm use glucose as fuel, the team discovered how dormant cells suddenly flip into overdrive, burning energy in a carefully controlled, multi-step process. A key enzyme, aldolase, helps convert sugar into the burst of power needed for fertilization, while other enzymes act like traffic controllers directing the flow of fuel.

Researchers have discovered a biological switch that explains why movement keeps bones strong. The protein senses physical activity and pushes bone marrow stem cells to build bone instead of storing fat, slowing age-related bone loss. By targeting this “exercise sensor,” scientists believe they could create drugs that mimic exercise at the molecular level. The approach could protect fragile bones in people who are unable to stay active.

Researchers have recreated a miniature human bone marrow system that mirrors the real structure found inside our bones. The model includes the full mix of cells and signals needed for blood production and even maintains this process for weeks. It could transform how scientists study blood cancers and test new drugs. In the future, it may support more personalized treatment strategies.

Researchers discovered that chronic inflammation fundamentally remodels the bone marrow, allowing mutated stem cell clones to quietly gain dominance with age. Reprogrammed stromal cells and interferon-responsive T cells create a self-sustaining inflammatory loop that weakens blood production. Surprisingly, the mutant cells themselves may not be the main instigators.

A newly identified gene mutation may help explain why schizophrenia patients struggle to update their understanding of reality. The mutation disrupts a brain circuit involved in flexible decision-making, causing mice to stick with outdated choices even when conditions change. Researchers pinpointed the issue to a key thalamus–prefrontal cortex pathway. By reactivating this circuit, they were able to restore normal behavior—raising hope for future therapies.

Korean researchers found that low-dose radiation therapy eased knee pain and improved movement in people with mild to moderate osteoarthritis. The treatment, far weaker than cancer radiation, showed real benefits beyond placebo. With no side effects and strong trial results, the approach could provide a middle ground between painkillers and joint surgery.

For decades, scientists believed Alzheimer’s was driven mainly by sticky protein plaques and tangles in the brain. Now Purdue researchers have revealed a hidden culprit: fat. They found that brain immune cells can become clogged with fat, leaving them too weak to fight off disease. By clearing out this fat and restoring the cells’ defenses, researchers may have uncovered an entirely new way to combat Alzheimer’s — shifting the focus from plaques alone to how the brain handles fat.

Mayo Clinic scientists uncovered how excessive drinking triggers fatty liver disease by disrupting the enzyme VCP, which normally prevents harmful protein buildup on fat droplets in the liver. Alcohol blocks this protective process, allowing fat to accumulate and damage liver cells.

Switching clocks twice a year disrupts circadian rhythms in ways that harm health. Stanford scientists found permanent standard time would reduce obesity and stroke rates nationwide, making it the strongest option over permanent daylight saving time or seasonal shifts.

The oral cavity serves as the primary source of oral mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell populations residing in the dental pulp, periodontal ligament, deciduous tooth pulp, and gingival connective tissue. Oral and periodontal tissues exist in a constantly loaded biomechanical environment, where forces from mastication, vascular pulsation, and orthodontic manipulation continuously act on resident mesenchymal stem cells, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). In this review, we use the term “oral stem cells” to specifically denote oral mesenchymal stem/progenitor populations residing in dental pulp, periodontal ligament (PDL), deciduous tooth pulp, and gingival connective tissue (DPSCs, PDLSCs, SHEDs, and GMSCs), which are most relevant to orthodontic remodeling and dento-periodontal regeneration. For clarity, this review highlights the defining characteristics, representative markers, differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory properties of these oral stem cells within the manuscript, establishing a foundation for understanding how mechanical forces shape their fate. These forces are not merely physical stimuli; they actively reshape stem cell fate by engaging a multilayered mechano - epigenetic regulatory network that integrates cytoskeletal mechanotransduction, nuclear mechanics, and chromatin remodeling. Mechanical inputs such as compression, tension, shear stress, and extracellular matrix stiffness modulate DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation, 3D genome architecture, and non-coding RNA programs. These epigenetic and epitranscriptomic adaptations stabilize lineage commitment, influence inflammatory and regenerative outputs, and may establish “mechanical memory” that persists after load removal. Metabolic rewiring, including YAP/TAZ- and MAPK-driven control of mitochondrial activity and metabolite pools, provides an additional axis linking mechanics to chromatin state. Building on these mechanisms, emerging therapeutic strategies aim to couple defined mechanical cues with epigenetic modulators and mechano-tunable biomaterials to enhance pulp regeneration, periodontal repair, and orthodontic bone remodeling with higher precision. The review further highlights single-cell multi-omics and live-cell imaging approaches as essential tools to resolve force-dependent chromatin dynamics in vivo, and proposes that integrating biomechanics, epigenetics, and metabolic control will enable next-generation regenerative dentistry and personalized orthodontic intervention.

IntroductionWith extensive tissue damage, the body is unable to restore their integrity on its own. Implantation of autogenic and decellularized xenogenic grafts opens up new possibilities for regeneration of damaged corresponding tissues.MethodsThe pilot experimental study was conducted on a model of healing of grade III B skin burn wounds in Wistar rats. After removal of the necrotized tissues, autogenous and decellularized xenogenic grafts were implanted into the blood-supplying tissues of the burn wounds.ResultsThe pilot experimental study showed that implantation of autogenic and decellularized xenogenic grafts in the experimental zone led to the formation of multiple regeneration sites, almost ten times higher than the marginal epithelialization of the control zone. The proportion of epithelialization of the experimental zone initiated by the installed grafts was more than 90%, and the proportion of marginal epithelialization of the control zone was less than 10%. The completion of epithelialization of skin burn wounds with a predominance of epithelialization of the experimental zone led to the healing of burn wounds. The tightening of the wound edges by scar tissue was minimal.ConclusionImplantation of autogenic or decellularized xenogenic grafts can potentially be used to repair any tissues after their damage or disease. The results obtained are preliminary, requiring verification on a wider sample of experimental animals. The use of this methodology to repair tissues with a more complex structure than the skin, for increase the functioning of the parenchyma of various organs requires further study.

IntroductionPrimordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of sperm and oocytes, are specified from a subset of epiblast cells during the post-implantation stage of mammalian embryonic development. Over the past decade, primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) have been successfully generated in vitro from mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In vitro PGCLC differentiation provides a powerful system to study germ cell specification and epigenetic reprograming. Notably, mouse PGCLCs can further mature into functional sperm following transplantation into neonatal testes. Despite these advancements, in vitro PGCLC differentiation remains inefficient, highlighting gaps in our understanding of PGC specification.MethodsTo identify strategies for improving differentiation efficiency, we generated a DPPA3-mCherry PGC reporter mouse ESC line (TDM11) using CRISPR–Cas9-mediated knock-in. We implemented an embryoid body (EB)-based differentiation strategy under a non-adherent, defined culture condition, which systematically examined factors influencing PGCLC specification. PGCLC specification was assessed temporarily by flow cytometer-based quantification of DPPA3-mCherry expressing cells. Given the established role of ten–eleven translocation 1 (TET1)-mediated epigenetic regulation in PGC development, we evaluated that ascorbic acid (AA), a known activator of TET1, acts as a potent enhancer of PGCLC induction from ESCs.ResultsFlow cytometric analysis revealed a substantial enrichment of DPPA3-mCherry-positive PGCLC upon AA and transferrin supplementation compared to standard EB medium. The PGCLC specification was further enhanced by combined supplementation with BMP4 and BMP8B in AA- and transferrin-supplemented basal EB medium. The DPPA3-mCherry PGCLC further characterize for the expression of other PGC-specific genes and successful derivation of embryonic germ cells.DiscussionBuilding upon this finding, we established a highly efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro PGCLC differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by modulating epigenetic regulation through AA. This system provides a valuable platform for dissecting the molecular mechanism and epigenetic reprograming during early germ cell development and potential therapeutic applications.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy that offers significant advantages over cell transplantation in the treatment of retinal and optic nerve diseases. By mediating intercellular communication, these nanovesicles deliver bioactive cargo (miRNAs, proteins, lipids) that target key pathological processes such as neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, vascular dysfunction, and oxidative stress. This review aims to systematically summarize current knowledge on and critically evaluate the therapeutic potential of BMSC-exos for major retinal diseases (e.g., diabetic retinopathy, retinal degeneration, and retinal ischaemia) and optic nerve disorders (e.g., glaucoma and optic nerve injury). We review the biogenesis, cargo composition (especially key neuroprotective factors such as miR-21 and miR-146a), and intercellular communication mechanisms of BMSC-exos. Furthermore, we synthesize evidence describing their multifaceted therapeutic effects–including potent neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and proangiogenic activities–from in vitro and in vivo studies across relevant disease models. Crucially, we also discuss the substantial barriers impeding translation, including the intrinsic heterogeneity of exosome preparations which complicates standardization, and the notable absence of active interventional clinical trials for retinal indications due to insufficient long-term safety data. Overall, this review highlights the transformative potential of BMSC-exos for improving visual outcomes, while emphasizing that clinical realization is contingent upon overcoming these critical translational hurdles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-enveloped nanovesicles rich in microRNAs, proteins and lipids, that serve as potent mediators of intercellular communication. While EVs have demonstrated pro-regenerative potential in 2D and preclinical models, their impact on skin regeneration and aging processes in 3D reconstructed skin models has remained less explored. In this study, EVs from adipose-derived stem cells and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) were evaluated using both 2D primary skin cells and 3D full-thickness reconstructed skin models. EVs stimulated fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation, increased epidermal thickness, and enhanced the presence of collagen IV in the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) and fibrillin 1 in the extracellular matrix. Bulk transcriptomic analysis of the 3D reconstructed skin revealed gene expression profiles impacted by the addition of EVs. Additionally, miRNA-seq and proteomics of extracellular vesicle contents revealed miRNAs and proteins that may be drivers of the biological activities observed in 3D models, suggesting EVs activate processes associated with skin regeneration. This holistic approach demonstrated that EVs previously linked to pro-regenerative behaviors also modulate biomarkers associated with cutaneous aging in full-thickness 3D reconstructed models. This work not only provides mechanistic insights but also paves the way for the development of next-generation regenerative skincare active ingredients.